# What influences emergency general surgeons' treatment preferences for patients requiring nutritional support? A discrete choice experiment

## TL;DR

This study explores factors influencing emergency surgeons' decisions to start nutritional support for patients, finding that surgeon seniority and intestinal failure experience don't significantly impact treatment choices.

## Contribution

The study identifies key clinical variables influencing treatment preferences for nutritional support in emergency surgery, using a discrete choice experiment.

## Key findings

- Consultants were more likely to start nutritional support than non-consultants.
- Variables like hypoalbuminaemia and unintentional weight loss significantly influenced treatment preferences.
- Surgeon seniority and intestinal failure experience did not significantly impact decisions.

## Abstract

Identifying and managing malnourished emergency general surgery (EGS) patients can be difficult. There are many tools available, a range of barriers to overcome and variety of guidelines at a surgeon's disposal. This study aimed to determine the impact of key variables on surgeon preference to start nutritional support in EGS.

A discrete choice experiment was used to determine the impact of six variables on surgeons' treatment preferences for commencing nutritional support in EGS. Twenty‐five hypothetical scenarios regarding a patient with adhesional small bowel obstruction were disseminated electronically. Binomial logistic regression was used to identify significant associations. Ethical approval was obtained (UREC 050436).

In all, 148 participants responded providing 3700 scenario responses. Completion rate was 52.1% (148/284) with an approximately even split of consultants and non‐consultants (50.7% vs. 49.3%) and intestinal failure (IF) experience (46.6% experienced vs. 53.4% not experienced). Consultants favoured starting nutritional support (77.7%; 1443/1875) more often than non‐consultants (71.8%; 1310/1825). Forming an anastomosis, hypoalbuminaemia, underweight (body mass index <18.5 kg/m2), unintentional weight loss (>10%), ≥5 days without oral intake until now and ≥5 days likely to be without oral intake from now were statistically more likely to be associated with treatment preference, but obesity (body mass index >30 kg/m2) was not. Overall, experience of IF (OR 1.093, 95% CI 0.732–1.631; P = 0.663) and seniority of surgeon (OR 0.711, 95% CI 0.473–1.068; P = 0.100) significantly influenced the results.

There are many variables that impact the decision to start nutritional support in EGS, but seniority of the surgeon and IF experience do not.