# Stigmasterol alleviates endplate chondrocyte degeneration through inducing mitophagy by enhancing PINK1 mRNA acetylation via the ESR1/NAT10 axis

## TL;DR

Stigmasterol helps prevent spinal disc degeneration by triggering a cellular cleanup process in cartilage cells.

## Contribution

Stigmasterol's novel mechanism via ESR1/NAT10 axis and PINK1 mRNA acetylation is revealed for the first time.

## Key findings

- Stigmasterol alleviates endplate chondrocyte degeneration by inducing mitophagy.
- NAT10 enhances PINK1 expression through mRNA acetylation in chondrocytes.
- Stigmasterol regulates NAT10 via estrogen receptor 1 in degenerated cells.

## Abstract

Intervertebral disc degeneration (IVDD) is a core factor in spinal degeneration. To date, there is no effective treatment for IVDD. It is urgent to identify the pathogenesis of IVDD to develop effective strategies for IVDD treatment. Alleviating endplate chondrocyte degeneration is a promising strategy for IVDD treatment, while mitophagy prevents degeneration of endplate chondrocytes. Stigmasterol (STM) protects neurons from injuries by triggering mitophagy, yet the effect of STM on the mitophagy of endplate chondrocytes in IVDD has not been reported. In this study, endplate chondrocyte degeneration was induced by interleukin-1β, and the ribonucleic acid (RNA) acetylation level was identified by acetylated RNA immunoprecipitation. Herein, results indicated that STM alleviated endplate chondrocyte degeneration. Besides, STM induced PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1)-mediated mitophagy in degenerated endplate chondrocytes. Moreover, N‐acetyltransferase 10 (NAT10) increased PINK1 expression by improving PINK1 mRNA acetylation in endplate chondrocytes. In addition, STM regulated NAT10 expression by estrogen receptor 1 (ESR1) in degenerated endplate chondrocytes. In summary, the present study revealed that STM attenuated endplate chondrocyte degeneration through inducing mitophagy by enhancing PINK1 mRNA acetylation via the ESR1/NAT10 axis. These findings would provide novel strategies for the treatment of IVDD.