# Nationwide study on clinical impact of early tumor necrosis factor-α inhibitors following first intestinal resection in biologics-naïve Crohn’s disease patients

## TL;DR

This study examines whether starting anti-TNF therapy early after surgery for Crohn’s disease improves clinical outcomes compared to starting it later.

## Contribution

The study provides real-world evidence on the clinical impact of early anti-TNF therapy after surgery in biologics-naïve Crohn’s disease patients.

## Key findings

- Early anti-TNF therapy was associated with a lower surgical recurrence rate compared to late initiation.
- There was no significant difference in biologics switching rates between early and late start groups.
- Kaplan–Meier analysis showed no significant differences in risk of recurrence or switching between the groups.

## Abstract

In Crohn’s disease (CD) patients who have undergone surgery, postoperative recurrence remains a challenge, and there is a lack of investigation into the impact of early anti-tumor necrosis factor (TNF) therapy following surgery on clinical outcomes compared to late use of anti-TNF agents. Utilizing the Health Insurance Review and Assessment database, we conducted a retrospective cohort study comprising 481 CD patients who underwent their first intestinal resection and were naïve to preoperative biological therapy from 2010 to 2018. Patients initiating anti-TNF agents early (within one year post-surgery) were compared to those starting later for prognosis. Clinical outcomes, including biologics switching and surgical recurrence, were assessed. The late start group (n = 290) exhibited a higher surgical recurrence rate (27.9% vs. 18.3%, p-value = 0.021), while biologics switching rates did not significantly differ (8.3% vs. 12.6%, p-value = 0.167) compared to the early start group (n = 191). Kaplan–Meier curves revealed no significant differences in the risk of biologics switching (p-value = 0.319) or surgical recurrence (p-value = 0.380) between the early and late start groups. This study investigated the potential role of early anti-TNF therapy after first intestinal resection in biologics-naïve CD patients compared to late initiation. Further refined prospective research is warranted to validate these comparisons.