# Psycholinguistic norms for the dominant and secondary names of 700 LinguaPix color photographs in Mandarin Chinese

## TL;DR

This study provides detailed psycholinguistic norms for both the main and secondary names of 700 color images in Mandarin Chinese, enhancing stimulus selection for language research.

## Contribution

The study introduces psycholinguistic norms for both dominant and secondary names of images in Mandarin Chinese, a novel approach in picture naming research.

## Key findings

- Psycholinguistic norms for dominant and secondary names of 700 LinguaPix images were established in Mandarin Chinese.
- The dataset includes measures like name agreement, latency, and AoA for both dominant and secondary names.
- The database is publicly available and allows manipulation of psycholinguistic properties for both name types.

## Abstract

Norming studies on picture naming usually identify different correct names for each picture and provide more information on the dominant name (i.e., the most frequently produced name of a given picture) or weighted values based on all the names. The current study is among the first attempts to establish psycholinguistic norms for both the dominant and secondary names of pictures. The following norms in Mandarin Chinese were provided for 700 color photographs from the LinguaPix database: name agreement, naming latency, name length, image agreement, age of acquisition (AoA), and concept familiarity of the dominant and secondary names, as well as overall accuracy, number of names, H-statistic, familiarity, visual complexity, valence, and arousal of the pictures. This dataset increases the diversity of stimuli available for picture naming studies in Chinese and greatly facilitates stimuli selection by allowing researchers to manipulate not only common psycholinguistic properties of the dominant picture name but also those of the secondary name and the relations between them. The database is available in the Open Science Framework repository (https://osf.io/5rphx/).