# Nutritional Profile Analysis of Active and Sedentary Older Adults: Differences Between Spain and China

## TL;DR

This study compares the diets and physical activity of older adults in Spain and China, finding that physical activity, not diet, is the main factor in better health outcomes.

## Contribution

The study highlights the role of lifelong physical activity in health outcomes, contrasting dietary differences between two cultural groups.

## Key findings

- All active groups showed inadequate dietary patterns despite better physical outcomes.
- Spanish participants consumed excess protein and fat, while Chinese participants met lipid and carbohydrate recommendations.
- Physical activity levels, not diet, were the key factor in better health outcomes.

## Abstract

Background: the aging process is understood as a dynamic and plastic phenomenon involving various physiological and functional changes, which can be modified or modulated by external factors and lifestyle choices. Nutrition and regular physical activity have demonstrated their unique contribution to functional health and energy balance. This study investigates the impact of nutrition on physical condition among individuals over 65, focusing on energy intake, macronutrient consumption, and lipid profiles. Methods: for this purpose, four groups were analyzed: Maintenance Gymnastics, Tai Chi, Professional Tai Chi, and a sedentary control group. Objectives: the goal was to assess whether a better diet correlates with better physical outcomes. Results: all activity groups showed inadequate dietary patterns. The Spanish population consumed fewer carbohydrates and excess protein and fat, while the Chinese population adhered more closely to carbohydrate and lipid recommendations, maintaining a hyperproteic diet. Conclusions: the key differences were not in diet but in physical activity levels. The Asian lifestyle places strong emphasis on lifelong physical activity, complemented by culinary habits that enhance certain dietary parameters.