# Exploring the Roles of Body Dissatisfaction, Cognitive Distraction, and Age in Sexual Distress Related to Sexual Function and Sexual Satisfaction in Men: An Extended Understanding Using a Moderated Mediation Model

## TL;DR

This study explores how body dissatisfaction and cognitive distraction affect sexual distress and satisfaction in heterosexual men, finding that age reduces these negative effects.

## Contribution

The study extends cognitive models by showing how body dissatisfaction and cognitive distraction relate to sexual outcomes in men, with age as a moderating factor.

## Key findings

- Cognitive distraction mediates the link between body dissatisfaction and sexual distress and satisfaction in men.
- The effect of cognitive distraction decreases with age, suggesting age acts as a protective factor.
- Body dissatisfaction in heterosexual men has significant negative effects on sexual outcomes.

## Abstract

Background/Objectives: Self-objectification theory posits that objectification of people’s bodies, as a synonym for self-worth, translates into body surveillance and dissatisfaction, which has a negative impact on both social and emotional adjustment. According to empirical data based on cognitive models, body dissatisfaction translates into cognitive distraction during sexual activity, affecting sexual response. However, the association of body dissatisfaction with other sexual outcomes, such as satisfaction and distress, in heterosexual men is understudied in comparison to women. Methods: This observational, cross-sectional, and correlational study used a convenience sample of 597 heterosexual males with a mean age of 35.52 (SD = 8.78) obtained through a web survey. Results: Results suggested that cognitive distraction mediated the association between body dissatisfaction, sexual distress, and satisfaction. A moderating effect of age was found, detecting a decrease in the mediated effect of cognitive distraction as men aged, reinforcing the idea of age as a protective factor. Conclusions: Our study further supports cognitive models that are useful to understand sexual outcomes and not merely sexual function and reinforce the existence of heterosexual men’s body dissatisfaction and its detrimental effects, suggesting that health practitioners should assess this phenomenon in a context related to sexual health.