# Juvenile Dermatomyositis in a Two-Year-Old Yemeni Girl in a Resource-Limited Setting: A Case Report

## TL;DR

A two-year-old Yemeni girl with juvenile dermatomyositis is reported, highlighting challenges in diagnosis and treatment in resource-limited areas.

## Contribution

This is the first reported case of juvenile dermatomyositis in Yemen, emphasizing diagnostic challenges in low-resource settings.

## Key findings

- The case demonstrates successful management of JDM using clinical findings and basic lab tests in a resource-limited setting.
- The patient showed significant clinical improvement with oral prednisolone treatment.
- The report underscores the importance of clinical vigilance for atypical JDM presentations in low-resource areas.

## Abstract

Juvenile dermatomyositis (JDM) is a rare systemic autoimmune vasculopathy primarily affecting children. It is characterized by muscular weakness and distinctive skin findings. This report describes the case of a two-year-old Yemeni girl from a resource-limited setting who presented with prolonged fever and later developed classic JDM symptoms, including malar rash, skin nodules, calcifications, and lower limb muscle weakness. Despite the unavailability of advanced diagnostic tools, the diagnosis was made based on clinical findings, elevated inflammatory markers, and muscle enzyme levels. Management included oral prednisolone, resulting in significant clinical improvement. This case highlights the challenges of diagnosing and managing atypical JDM presentations in resource-constrained areas while emphasizing the importance of clinical vigilance and multidisciplinary care. It also underscores the need for increasing awareness and better diagnostic access in low-resource settings. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of JDM in Yemen.