# Development of animal models with chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder based on clinical characteristics and pathogenesis

## TL;DR

This review discusses the development of animal models for CKD-MBD to better understand the disease and improve treatment strategies.

## Contribution

The paper outlines and evaluates methods for creating CKD-MBD animal models based on clinical and pathological features.

## Key findings

- Surgical combined feeding is a promising method for CKD-MBD modeling due to its efficiency and low mortality.
- Current modeling methods include surgery, feeding, and radiation, each with distinct advantages and limitations.
- Animal models with clinical characteristics are essential for studying CKD-MBD progression and drug screening.

## Abstract

Chronic kidney disease–mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) is a systemic complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD), resulting in high morbidity and mortality. However, effective treatment strategies are lacking. The pathogenesis of CKD-MBD is unclear but involves feedback mechanisms between calcium, phosphorus, parathyroid hormone, vitamin D and other factors, in addition to FGF23, Klotho, Wnt inhibitors, and activin A. Construction of a perfect animal model of CKD-MBD with clinical characteristics is important for in-depth study of disease development, pathological changes, targeted drug screening, and management of patients. Currently, the modeling methods of CKD-MBD include surgery, feeding and radiation. Additionally, the method of CKD-MBD modeling by surgical combined feeding is worth promoting because of short time, simplicity, and low mortality. Therefore, this review based on the pathogenesis and clinical features of CKD-MBD, combined with the current status of animal models, outlines the advantages and disadvantages of modeling methods, and provides a reference for further CKD-MBD research.