# Titanium-based hybrid coatings grown using ALD/MLD onto AZ31 screw-like supports for implantable systems

## TL;DR

Researchers developed titanium-based hybrid coatings using ALD/MLD on magnesium alloy screw-like supports, showing even distribution and cytocompatibility for biomedical applications.

## Contribution

A novel strategy for applying titanium-based hybrid coatings on AZ31 substrates using ALD/MLD for biomedical use.

## Key findings

- Titanium-based hybrid coatings were evenly distributed on AZ31 screw-like substrates without defects.
- The coatings provided physical protection and showed cytocompatibility in assays.

## Abstract

Atomic/molecular layer deposition (ALD/MLD) is ideally suited for addressing the challenges faced by the new generation biomedical technologies through surface and interface modification with organic–inorganic hybrid coatings, which are emerging as an alternative to inorganic coatings. In this study, we present a feasible strategy for modifying the surface of magnesium alloy (AZ31) screw-like substrates with titanium-based hybrid coatings, using titanium tetraisopropoxide as the metal-bearing precursor, and a simple aliphatic bi-functional alcohol, such as ethylene glycol, as the organic precursor. Results demonstrated that the titanium-based hybrid coating was evenly distributed without obvious defects on the AZ31 screw-like substrates while providing physical protection. In addition, the cytocompatibility of the titanium-based hybrid coating was validated through the cytotoxicity assay, revealing its potential for future biomedical applications.

Atomic/molecular layer deposition (ALD/MLD) is ideally suited for addressing the challenges faced by the new generation biomedical technologies through surface and interface modification with organic–inorganic hybrid coatings.