# Prevalence of HTN and its risk factors among tribal population in Chhattisgarh (India) as per the fifth round of the National Family Health Survey

## TL;DR

This study finds that tribal populations in Chhattisgarh, India, have similar rates of pre-hypertension and hypertension as the general population, highlighting a growing health concern.

## Contribution

The study provides new insights into hypertension prevalence and risk factors among tribal populations in Chhattisgarh using recent survey data.

## Key findings

- Pre-hypertension and hypertension rates in tribal populations are comparable to the general population.
- Age and higher education are positively associated with increased odds of hypertension in both males and females.
- The highest odds of hypertension are observed in females aged 65-74 and males aged 75 and above.

## Abstract

The so-called protected tribal population also faces the burden of non-communicable diseases (NCDs). The high-altitude tribes are thought to be genetically and environmentally protected from hypertension-like diseases.

Survey of the National Family Health Survey-5 (2019-2022) employs a two-stage sampling method (PSU). The total population of 72010, aged 15 years and above, were included from Chhattisgarh, India, out of which 27760 belong to tribes. Pre-hypertension (pre-HTN) and hypertension (HTN) were measured using standard procedures.

Overall prevalence of pre-HTN and HTN (42.7% and 26%) in tribes was comparable to the general population (43.14% and 25.48%). The prevalence of pre-HTN was higher than HTN in tribes. We observed a positive association between increasing age and prevalence of HTN in males and females. aOR ratio (12.58; 9.72 -16.28) among the females aged 65-74 years was the highest, and the aOR (9.63; 6.89 -13.44) ratio among the males was recorded highest at 75 years and above. Odds of developing HTN increased with higher education (aOR 1.24; 1 -1.53 and 0.69; 0.5 -0.94), highest wealth index (aOR 1.38; 1.04 -1.83 and 1.35; 1.01 -1.8) in male and females respectively.

The elevated frequencies of HTN among tribes against their background condition confirm that their epidemiological transition is loaded with significant HTN. We recommend sharing this initiative with our primary healthcare providers and to the policymakers to take corrective measures because they serve as the first point of contact for early screening to reduce the burden of illness.