# Inadvertent Worsening of a Small Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax: A Case Report Highlighting the Importance of Adhering to British Thoracic Society (BTS) Guidelines

## TL;DR

A young man with a small lung collapse was worsened by unnecessary treatment, showing the need to follow medical guidelines.

## Contribution

This case report emphasizes adherence to BTS guidelines to prevent complications in small pneumothorax management.

## Key findings

- A small pneumothorax worsened after unnecessary aspiration.
- Following BTS guidelines could prevent such complications.
- Chest drain was required after the pneumothorax worsened.

## Abstract

We present a case of a 21-year-old male patient who attended the Emergency Department (ED) with chest pain. Initial investigations appeared normal, leading to discharge. Subsequently, radiological reporting identified a small left-sided pneumothorax, prompting recall. Despite being clinically stable, the patient underwent unnecessary aspiration, which exacerbated the pneumothorax, resulting in partial lung collapse. A chest drain was subsequently required. This case highlights the importance of adherence to British Thoracic Society (BTS) guidelines in managing spontaneous pneumothorax to avoid unnecessary interventions and complications.