# Antithrombotic use in retinal artery occlusion: A narrative review

## TL;DR

This paper reviews the use of anticoagulants in treating retinal artery occlusion, a serious eye condition, and discusses their potential benefits and risks.

## Contribution

The paper provides a narrative review of anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapies for retinal artery occlusion, highlighting recent research and controversies.

## Key findings

- Anticoagulants like heparin and direct oral anticoagulants may help prevent blood clots in retinal artery occlusion.
- There is uncertainty about the best timing and type of antithrombotic therapy due to bleeding risks.
- More large-scale studies are needed to guide standard treatment practices.

## Abstract

Retinal artery occlusion (RAO) is a critical ophthalmic emergency with a high risk of significant visual impairment. While traditional treatment aims to promptly restore blood flow to the retina, recent research has investigated the potential benefits of anticoagulation therapy for managing this condition. This paper reviews current literature and clinical trials investigating the efficacy and safety of anticoagulant and antiplatelet therapies, such as systemic heparinization and direct oral anticoagulants and aspirin, in treating RAO. The mechanism of action involves preventing thrombus propagation and platelet aggregation to promote microvascular circulation, potentially mitigating ischemic damage and improving visual outcomes. However, controversies exist regarding the optimal timing, duration, and selection of antithrombotic agents due to the risk of hemorrhagic complications. Further large‐scale prospective studies are warranted to establish evidence‐based guidelines for incorporating antithrombotic into the standard management of RAO. This paper underscores the evolving landscape of antithrombotic therapy as a promising adjunctive treatment strategy in the management of retinal artery occlusion.