641 Utilization of Psychological Interventions by Burn Survivors with Depression and Anxiety Symptoms

TL;DR

Burn survivors with more severe anxiety or depression symptoms are more likely to use psychological interventions, such as therapy and medication, a year after their injury.

Contribution

This study is the first to examine the link between psychological symptom severity and treatment utilization in burn survivors.

Findings

Burn survivors with moderate-to-severe symptoms were significantly more likely to use psychological interventions compared to those with minimal symptoms.

Those with larger burns and those treated at a specific site were also more likely to receive psychological interventions.

Screening for mental health symptoms is emphasized to guide appropriate treatment for burn survivors.

Abstract

Depression and anxiety are common after burn injury. Psychological interventions are a key component in managing these mental health challenges. However, utilization of such interventions in the burn population is underexplored. Thus, this study aims to examine the association between psychological symptom severity and treatment utilization.

The data of adult burn survivors from a multicenter longitudinal database from 2006 to 2024 were analyzed. The study sample was divided into two groups: minimal or no anxiety or depression symptoms (PROMIS Anxiety and Depression T < 60) and moderate to severe depression or anxiety symptoms (T ≥60) at 12 months. For between group comparisons, Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney tests were applied for continuous variables, while Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used for categorical variables. Logistic regression models assessed if psychological symptom severity was associated with receiving psychological interventions (psychological services at home or outpatient; psychological therapy or counseling; medication for pain, anxiety, or depression) at 12 months, controlling for demographic and clinical variables.

Out of 669 burn survivors assessed for symptoms of anxiety or depression at 12-months after injury, those in the moderate-to-severe symptom group (n=154), compared to the minimal symptom group (n=515), were younger (mean age 43 vs 49), female (72% vs 56%), unemployed at time of injury (30% vs 13%), single (70% vs 45%), have Medicaid insurance (28% vs 13%) and have a pre-injury psychiatric diagnosis (41% vs. 21%). The moderate-to-severe symptom group reported higher use of medication for pain, anxiety, or depression (89% vs. 63%), psychological therapy/counseling (34% vs. 12%) and home/outpatient psychological services (21% vs. 6%) at 12 months (p≤0.001 for all comparisons). Logistic regression analysis revealed that individuals with more severe symptoms were 171% more likely to receive psychological interventions at 12 months (p< 0.001). Additionally, those with larger burns had a 274% higher likelihood, and individuals treated at ‘Site 6’ were 321% more likely to receive these interventions (p< 0.001).

Compared to those with no or mild symptoms, individuals with moderate or severe anxiety or depression symptoms were more likely to receive psychological interventions. Future work may examine the impact of treatment on those at high risk.

This research emphasizes the importance of screening for anxiety and depression to ensure appropriate interventions are offered to individuals based on symptoms severity.

NIDILRR #90DPBU0008, 90DPGE0004