# Uterine artery doppler and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A in pregnancies with fibroids

## TL;DR

This study explores how uterine artery Doppler and PAPP-A levels relate to pregnancy outcomes in women with fibroids, finding no strong link to fibroid size but suggesting a possible role in predicting outcomes.

## Contribution

The study identifies the potential functional roles of UAD and PAPP-A in determining pregnancy outcomes in fibroid cases, despite no significant association with fibroid size.

## Key findings

- UAD parameters and PAPP-A levels do not significantly correlate with fibroid size.
- UAD and PAPP-A may influence pregnancy outcomes in fibroid-affected pregnancies.
- Most fibroids in the study were large (>5 cm), but few pregnancy complications were observed.

## Abstract

•Uterine fibroids adversely impact maternal and neonatal outcomes.•UAD parameters and PAPP-A levels do not markedly associate with the fibroid size.•UAD and PAPP-A play functional roles in determining the outcomes of pregnancies carrying fibroids.

Uterine fibroids adversely impact maternal and neonatal outcomes.

UAD parameters and PAPP-A levels do not markedly associate with the fibroid size.

UAD and PAPP-A play functional roles in determining the outcomes of pregnancies carrying fibroids.

Uterine fibroids affect maternal and neonatal outcomes adversely. Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A (PAPP-A) and Uterine Artery Doppler (UAD) are used in the first and second trimesters to predict maternal and neonatal outcomes, including maternal preeclampsia, Small-for-Gestational-Age (SGA), and Low Birth Weight (LBW) babies.

A retrospective review of medical records over 8-months was carried out for 60-patients who presented to the antenatal outpatient clinic. Inclusion criteria were the identification of fibroids in the first-trimester scan, PAPP-A blood test performed at the first visit, and UAD recorded at 20-weeks scan. Demographic characteristics, clinical parameters, pregnancy-related complications, and obstetric outcomes were extracted for data collection. Data analysis was performed to determine correlations between UAD parameters and PAPP-A levels and fibroid measurements for different fibroid types, and to determine the effect of fibroid presence on actual and estimated fibroid weight.

Of 60 included patients, the mean age of patients was 35.8 ± 4.8 years, and each pregnant woman had an average of 2.9 ± 1.7 fibroids, with the majority (73 %) being large (> 5 cm). No complications, such as gestational hypertension, gestational diabetes, preeclampsia, abruption, and preterm birth were reported; only 6 (10 %) of women were sonographically diagnosed with SGA babies, while 2 (3.3 %) babies were LBW. UAD parameters and PAPP-A levels had no significant association with fibroid size (p > 0.05).

There is a possible role of UAD and PAPP-A in determining pregnancy outcomes in the presence of fibroids, which needs to be explored by prospective studies.