# A Study on Measures to Preserve Chlorine and Ammonia Oxygen Removal

## TL;DR

This paper introduces new methods to reduce chlorine and ammonia loss during ammonia-based zinc refining, improving efficiency and reducing environmental impact.

## Contribution

A novel approach using an anionic barrier layer and manganese anodes to reduce nitrogen and oxygen precipitation in ammonia zinc refining.

## Key findings

- Adding an anionic barrier layer and urea reduced nitrogen precipitation in anode gas by 40–50%.
- Using manganese anodes with selective oxygen precipitation achieved 48.76% oxygen precipitation.
- Gas chromatography confirmed the effectiveness of these methods for industrial application.

## Abstract

Ammonia zinc refining has the benefits of low energy consumption, high zinc recovery, and good environmental protection compared with traditional acid and alkaline zinc refining. However, in the production process of refining zinc with ammonia, the anode undergoes chlorine precipitation, and then the oxidation of the ammonia precipitation of some nitrogen occurs. Ammonia replenishment is a cumbersome process that results in large amounts of ammonia volatilization and environmental pollution. In ammonia zinc refining, it is important to ensure the concentration of ammonia and chlorine, as the graphite anodes used in conventional ammonia zinc refining do not retain chlorine and ammonia and dissolve slowly due to oxidation. Therefore, this paper proposes a new measure to conserve chlorine and ammonia to reduce anode chlorine generation by adding an anionic barrier layer and selecting manganese anode materials with selective oxygen precipitation. Under the conditions of 50 × 100 mm sized electrodes, a current density of 350 A/m2, and a temperature of 60 °C, a graphite anode and manganese anode were used for electrowinning and for the collection of anode gas under different additive conditions. For the first time, we present a comparative analysis of gas composition, using gas chromatography to demonstrate the feasibility of the different measures used to preserve chlorine, ammonia, and oxygen for industrial applications, as well as the advantages of using these methods in reducing costs. And the experiments show that, by adding the anionic barrier layer, adding urea, and using manganese anode materials with selective oxygen precipitation, the nitrogen precipitation in the anode gas can be reduced to 40–50%, and oxygen precipitation reaches 48.76%.