# Newly Designed Organic-Inorganic Nanocomposite Membrane for Simultaneous Cr and Mn Speciation in Waters

## TL;DR

A new membrane was created to separate different forms of chromium and manganese in water using a combination of organic and inorganic materials.

## Contribution

A novel organic-inorganic nanocomposite membrane was developed for simultaneous speciation of Cr and Mn in water.

## Key findings

- Cr(III) and Mn(II) were adsorbed onto the membrane at pH 9, while Cr(VI) and Mn(VII) remained in solution.
- The membrane enabled speciation analysis of chromium and manganese in drinking water and wastewater samples.
- Detection limits and relative standard deviations were determined under optimized conditions.

## Abstract

A sol-gel approach was used to prepare a thin hydrogel membrane based on an organic-inorganic polymer matrix embedded with pre-synthesized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs). The organic polymers utilized were poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(ethylene oxide) 400 (PEO) while tetraethoxysilane (TEOS) served as a precursor for the inorganic silica polymer. AuNPs were synthesized using D-glucose as a reducing agent and starch as a capping agent. A mixture of PVA, PEO, pre-hydrolyzed TEOS, and AuNP dispersions was cast and dried at 50 °C to obtain the hybrid hydrogel membrane. The structure, morphology, and optical properties of the nanocomposite membrane were analyzed using TEM, SEM, XRD, and UV-Vis spectroscopy. The newly designed hybrid hydrogel membrane was utilized as an efficient sorbent for the simultaneous speciation analysis of valence species of chromium and manganese in water samples via solid-phase extraction. This study revealed that Cr(III) and Mn(II) could be simultaneously adsorbed onto the PVA/PEO/SiO2/AuNP membrane at pH 9 while Cr(VI) and Mn(VII) remained in solution due to their inability to bind under these conditions. Under optimized parameters, detection limits and relative standard deviations were determined for chromium and manganese species. The developed analytical method was successfully applied for the simultaneous speciation analysis of chromium and manganese in drinking water and wastewater samples.