# The Association Between Poor Sleep Quality and Lipid Levels Among Dyslipidemia Patients in Thailand: A Prospective Cross-Sectional Study

## TL;DR

Poor sleep quality is linked to higher triglyceride and LDL-C levels in dyslipidemia patients in Thailand, suggesting the need for combined sleep and lipid management.

## Contribution

Identifies a novel association between specific sleep quality domains and lipid levels in dyslipidemia patients.

## Key findings

- Poor sleep quality was found in 33.64% of dyslipidemia patients.
- Higher PSQI scores correlated with elevated triglycerides and LDL-C levels.
- Sleep latency and subjective sleep quality domains showed significant associations with lipid levels.

## Abstract

Background: Dyslipidemia increases cardiometabolic risk, but the impact of sleep quality on lipid levels remains uncertain. This study aims to assess the prevalence of poor sleep quality in patients with dyslipidemia and its association with lipid levels. Methods: A cross-sectional and prospective study was conducted among patients aged 20 years and older who were diagnosed with dyslipidemia at the Family Medicine Outpatient Clinic in Thailand from July to December 2023. Data were collected through interviews and a review of electronic health records. Sleep quality was assessed using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Blood levels of triglycerides, HDL-C, and LDL-C were measured. The association between sleep quality and lipid levels was analyzed using multivariable regression, adjusting for age, sex, body mass index, diabetes mellitus, hypertension, alcohol use, exercise, statins, fibrates, and ezetimibe. Results: Of the 257 participants, 183 (71.21%) were female, with a mean age of 69.31 ± 7.48 years. Overall, 86 participants (33.64%) reported poor sleep quality. A higher sum score of PSQI was significantly associated with elevated triglyceride levels (adjusted mean difference [AMD] 2.59, 95% CI 0.07–5.11, p = 0.044), particularly in the sleep latency domain (AMD 8.58, 95% CI 0.00–17.16, p = 0.050). Additionally, higher scores in the subjective sleep quality domain were significantly associated with increased LDL-C levels (AMD 8.08, 95% CI 1.70–14.60, p = 0.013). Conclusions: This study highlights a significant association between poor sleep quality and elevated triglyceride and LDL-C levels. These findings underscore the importance of integrated healthcare strategies that address both sleep quality and lipid management to mitigate cardiovascular risks.