# FOP: From Biomolecules to Hope

**Authors:** Frederick S. Kaplan, Robert J. Pignolo

PMC · DOI: 10.3390/biom15030328 · Biomolecules · 2025-02-24

## Full-text entities

- **Genes:** YAP1 (Yes1 associated transcriptional regulator) [NCBI Gene 10413] {aka COB1, YAP, YAP-1, YAP2, YAP65, YKI}, CEP43 (centrosomal protein 43) [NCBI Gene 11116] {aka FGFR1OP, FOP}, IHH (Indian hedgehog signaling molecule) [NCBI Gene 3549] {aka BDA1, HHG2}, BMP1 (bone morphogenetic protein 1) [NCBI Gene 649] {aka OI13, PCOLC, PCP, TLD}, HIF1A (hypoxia inducible factor 1 subunit alpha) [NCBI Gene 3091] {aka HIF-1-alpha, HIF-1A, HIF-1alpha, HIF1, HIF1-ALPHA, MOP1}, ACVR1 (activin A receptor type 1) [NCBI Gene 90] {aka ACTRI, ACVR1A, ACVRLK2, ALK2, FOP, SKR1}, MTOR (mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase) [NCBI Gene 2475] {aka FRAP, FRAP1, FRAP2, RAFT1, RAPT1, SKS}, Cep43 (centrosomal protein 43) [NCBI Gene 75296] {aka 4930553O10Rik, FOP, Fgfr1op}
- **Diseases:** HO (MESH:D009999), Fibrodysplasia Ossificans (MESH:D009221), joint ankylosis (MESH:D000844), hypoxia (MESH:D000860), loss (MESH:D016388), injury to (MESH:D014947), degenerative arthropathy (MESH:D019636), inflammation (MESH:D007249), tumor (MESH:D009369), extraskeletal ossification (MESH:C563195), congenital skeletal malformations (MESH:C535850), heterotopic bone (MESH:D063192)
- **Chemicals:** 18-fluor-sodium fluoride (-)
- **Species:** Adeno-associated virus (species) [taxon 272636], Mus musculus (house mouse, species) [taxon 10090], Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606]
- **Mutations:** R206H

## Full text

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## References

35 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC11940774/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC11940774