# Quasi-Static and Low-Velocity Impact Response of 3D Printed Plates Using Bio-Inspired Tool Paths

## TL;DR

This study shows that 3D-printed plates using a bio-inspired tool path, like the Bouligand structure, absorb more energy and are tougher than those with a standard pattern.

## Contribution

The novelty lies in applying a bio-inspired tool path to 3D printing, resulting in enhanced mechanical performance in printed plates.

## Key findings

- Bouligand-patterned plates showed superior specific energy absorption at 75% infill density.
- The bio-inspired pattern exhibited excellent elongation and fracture behavior aligned with the Bouligand structure.
- Rectilinear-patterned specimens showed brittle failure, while bio-inspired ones improved polymer toughness.

## Abstract

The study of biomimetics allows for the creation of various structures inspired by nature. This work investigates the impact of using a bio-inspired tool path for manufacturing porous plates via 3D printing. The Bouligand (or plywood-like) structure is prevalent in several biological components. Structures that mimicked the Bouligand design concerning the tool path were printed and compared to uniform plates produced with a rectilinear pattern through mechanical testing. Quasi-static and dynamic tests were conducted on specimens with infill densities ranging from 25% to 100%. Results indicated that the Bouligand pattern displayed superior specific energy absorption at 75% infill density. This bio-inspired path pattern also provided excellent elongation during quasi-static and dynamic failure—the fracture pattern of the bio-inspired path adhered to the Bouligand structure. In contrast, brittle failure was demonstrated by the specimen with a rectilinear pattern at varying infill percentages, while the bio-inspired pattern enhanced the toughness of the polymer specimens.