# Research Progress on Molecular Subtypes and Precision Therapy of Pulmonary Large Cell Neuroendocrine Carcinoma

## TL;DR

This review discusses the molecular subtypes and precision therapies for pulmonary large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, highlighting recent advances in targeted and immune treatments.

## Contribution

The paper provides an updated overview of molecular classification and precision therapy strategies for LCNEC, emphasizing future directions toward personalized treatment.

## Key findings

- LCNEC molecular subtypes are defined by mutations in genes like RB1 and TP53, influencing survival and treatment response.
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors show promise in LCNEC but carry risks of overactive immune responses.
- Targeted therapies have identified multiple potential drug targets, though their effectiveness varies.

## Abstract

肺大细胞神经内分泌癌（large cell neuroendocrine carcinoma, LCNEC）是有独特特征的高级别神经内分泌肿瘤，其治疗多借鉴小细胞肺癌与非小细胞肺癌治疗方案。近年来其发病率呈上升趋势，其预后受个体、临床分期及治疗方式等多因素交互影响，异质性显著。在分子亚型的研究中依据RB1、TP53等关键基因突变划分出多个亚组，基因组亚型与生存率、化疗反应及精准治疗的疗效相关。靶向治疗挖掘出多个靶点，药物疗效不一。免疫治疗进展突出，免疫检查点抑制剂（immune checkpoint inhibitors, ICIs）单用或联合化放疗在不同分期均显成效，却存在过度增殖性疾病风险，精准预后标志物亟待挖掘。本综述针对LCNEC的分子亚型研究和靶向、免疫等精准治疗的最新研究进展进行综述，并指出未来LCNEC治疗将朝着精准化、个体化方向发展。