Dynamic mechanisms for membrane skeleton transitions
Mayte Bonilla-Quintana, Andrea Ghisleni, Nils C. Gauthier, Padmini Rangamani
TL;DR
This paper explores how the cell's membrane skeleton, especially spectrin and myosin, dynamically responds to mechanical stress and maintains cell structure.
Contribution
A new generalized network model was developed to study membrane skeleton transitions under mechanical stress.
Findings
Membrane bending forces are crucial for maintaining a regular skeletal structure.
Spectrin and myosin turnover is necessary for transitions between stress and rest states.
Cell attachment through adhesions stabilizes cell shape.
Abstract
The plasma membrane and the underlying skeleton form a protective barrier for eukaryotic cells. The molecular players forming this complex composite material constantly rearrange under mechanical stress. One of those molecules, spectrin, is ubiquitous in the membrane skeleton and linked by short actin filaments. In this work, we developed a generalized network model for the membrane skeleton integrating myosin contractility and membrane mechanics to investigate the response of the spectrin meshwork to mechanical loading. We observed that the force generated by membrane bending is important in maintaining a regular skeletal structure, suggesting that the membrane is not just supported by the skeleton, but actively contributes towards the stability of the cell structure. We found that spectrin and myosin turnover are necessary for the transition between stress and rest states in the…
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Taxonomy
TopicsCellular Mechanics and Interactions · Force Microscopy Techniques and Applications · Lipid Membrane Structure and Behavior