# Unexpected diagnosis: a case of incidental congenital diaphragmatic hernia

## TL;DR

A 1-year-old child was found to have a rare diaphragm birth defect only after surgery for a different issue, showing how these conditions can be unexpectedly discovered.

## Contribution

This case report highlights the incidental detection of a Bochdalek hernia in a pediatric patient following an unrelated surgical procedure.

## Key findings

- A diaphragmatic hernia was discovered incidentally in a 1-year-old patient after an appendectomy.
- The case illustrates the variable and often delayed clinical presentation of Bochdalek hernias.
- Interdisciplinary collaboration is emphasized for managing such complex and atypical cases.

## Abstract

Congenital diaphragmatic hernias (CHD) are rare anomalies resulting from the failure of the diaphragm to form. Bochdalek hernias are characterized by posterolateral displacement of abdominal organs into the chest. The condition’s clinical presentation is variable and commonly presents with acute respiratory distress after birth. Timely recognition and management are crucial due to the associated morbidity and mortality rates. In the present case, a diaphragmatic hernia was discovered incidentally in a 1-year-old patient following an appendectomy. This case highlights the diverse clinical presentations and diagnostic challenges of Bochdalek hernias, reinforcing the importance of interdisciplinary collaboration for effective patient care.