# A Case Report of Hemophagocytic Syndrome

**Authors:** Tânia F Mendes, Ana Isabel Oliveira, Carolina Gomes, Nuno A Sousa, João Gonçalves Pereira

PMC · DOI: 10.7759/cureus.79150 · Cureus · 2025-02-17

## TL;DR

This paper reports a case of hemophagocytic syndrome, emphasizing the need for early diagnosis and treatment to prevent severe outcomes.

## Contribution

The paper contributes a detailed case study highlighting diagnostic challenges and the importance of awareness for hemophagocytic syndrome.

## Key findings

- Hemophagocytic syndrome presents with nonspecific symptoms, making early diagnosis difficult.
- Prompt recognition and treatment are crucial for improving patient outcomes in HPS.
- Healthcare providers need increased awareness to manage this life-threatening condition effectively.

## Abstract

Hemophagocytic syndrome (HPS) represents a critical and often overlooked hyperinflammatory condition that can lead to rapid multi-organ failure and high mortality rates, particularly in adults. This article presents a compelling case study of a 45-year-old male with a complex clinical presentation, highlighting the diagnostic challenges posed by HPS, including its nonspecific symptoms and the necessity for a high index of suspicion. We underscore the paramount importance of early recognition, thorough differential diagnosis, and prompt initiation of treatment to improve patient outcomes. This case not only illustrates the intricacies of diagnosing HPS but also advocates for increased awareness among healthcare providers to mitigate the risks associated with this life-threatening syndrome.

## Linked entities

- **Diseases:** hemophagocytic syndrome (MONDO:0015540)

## Full-text entities

- **Diseases:** hyperinflammatory condition (MESH:D020763), multi-organ failure (MESH:D009102), HPS (MESH:D051359)
- **Species:** Homo sapiens (human, species) [taxon 9606]

## Full text

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## Figures

6 figures with captions in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC11921754/full.md

## References

16 references — full list in the complete paper: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC11921754/full.md

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Source: https://tomesphere.com/paper/PMC11921754