# A novel, high throughput, and low-cost method for the detection of 40 amines relevant to inborn errors of metabolism, in under 60 min, using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a fast, low-cost method to detect 40 amines linked to inherited metabolic disorders using high-performance liquid chromatography.

## Contribution

The novel method enables high-throughput detection of 40 amines in under 60 minutes at low cost.

## Key findings

- The method successfully separates 40 amines in a single 53-minute run.
- It shows good reproducibility and accuracy in both standard solutions and patient samples.
- The technique requires only a small sample volume and is cost-effective.

## Abstract

An assessment of amino acid and amine concentrations is important for the diagnosis and management of inherited metabolic disorders (IMDs). Methods exist that measure these biologically important metabolites but are cost-prohibitive and/or time consuming. We therefore sought to develop a novel methodology, applicable to IMDs, that is both high-throughput and low cost.

Previously, we developed a methodology for rapid, repeatable, and cost-efficient separation of approximately 20 amines as a proof of concept and now expand it to amines relevant to IMDs. We describe our separation methodology using reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet-visible spectrum absorbance paired with pre-column derivatization with o-pthalaldehyde.

We show reproducibility via concentration assessments, in triplicate, for each amine. We assess amines in prepared standard solutions and in biologic samples from patients with IMDs. We also detected and assessed the amino group containing compounds glutathione (oxidized and reduced forms) and ammonia. Validation was established using absolute area under the curve (AUC) and via comparison using a single internal standard.

We report good separation of 40 primary amino group containing metabolites, in a single, 53 min run. This rapid, low cost, and accurate methodology only requires a small volume of sample and can greatly increase availability and access. Finally, the numerous amines and unique compounds detected in our single run has large utility and can potentially increase clinical efficiency and broaden access to research, both important as the need for analysis of amines grows globally.