This paper is marked retracted in the scholarly record (OpenAlex). Interpret its findings with caution.
Retraction: Does the New Rural Pension Scheme improve residents’ livelihoods? Empirical evidence from Northwestern China

Abstract
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Taxonomy
TopicsChina's Socioeconomic Reforms and Governance · Intergenerational Family Dynamics and Caregiving · Migration and Labor Dynamics
The PLOS One Editors retract this article [1] because it was identified as one of a series of submissions for which we have concerns about peer review integrity and potential manipulation of the publication process. These concerns call into question the validity and provenance of the reported results. We regret that the issues were not identified prior to the article’s publication.
All authors either did not respond directly or could not be reached.
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