An Atypical Presentation of Sweet's Syndrome in a Patient With Neutropenia: A Case Report

TL;DR

A rare case of Sweet's Syndrome is reported in a patient with neutropenia, showing how the condition can appear differently in chemotherapy patients.

Contribution

This case report highlights an atypical presentation of Sweet's Syndrome in a patient with neutropenia and myelodysplastic syndrome.

Findings

Sweet's Syndrome can present in patients with chemotherapy-induced neutropenia.

The case emphasizes the importance of recognizing SS in patients with underlying hematologic conditions.

SS may have a broader clinical spectrum than previously understood.

Abstract

Sweet syndrome (SS), or acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis, is a non-infectious inflammatory skin reaction characterized by the abrupt onset of tender, erythematous skin lesions commonly appearing on the head, neck, trunk, and upper extremities. The condition remains rare and multifaceted, often posing a diagnostic challenge. There is a broader spectrum of SS than previously recognized, encompassing a variety of overlapping features, clinical and histological variants, and associated diseases. We report an atypical presentation of Sweet Syndrome in a 54-year-old female with neutropenia and myelodysplastic syndrome to enhance awareness and management of this rare condition among hospitalists. It demonstrates how SS can develop in the context of chemotherapy-induced neutropenia, thereby highlighting the importance of recognizing this case presentation in relevant clinical scenarios.

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