# Genome-wide identification and evolution-profiling analysis of tps gene family in Camphora longepaniculata and screening of key TPS genes

## TL;DR

This study identifies and analyzes TPS genes in Camphora longepaniculata, revealing their roles in terpene biosynthesis and plant development.

## Contribution

The study provides a comprehensive genome-wide analysis of TPS genes and identifies key candidates involved in terpene production in Camphora longepaniculata.

## Key findings

- 86 TPS genes were identified and classified into five evolutionary groups.
- Tandem and whole genome duplications significantly contributed to TPS gene family expansion.
- TPS26, TPS28, and TPS47 are upregulated during leaf development, suggesting roles in terpene biosynthesis.

## Abstract

Camphora longepaniculata is an important economic crop renowned for its rich volatile terpene compounds. Terpene synthases (TPS) are key enzymes in the biosynthesis of these compounds, playing significant roles in plant growth, development, and secondary metabolism. In this study, a total of 86 TPS genes were identified in Camphora longepaniculata, which were classified into five groups based on their evolutionary relationships. Analysis of cis-regulatory elements revealed associations between TPS genes and processes related to plant growth, development, and environmental stress responses. Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis indicated that these TPS genes are predominantly linked to various enzymatic activities. Furthermore, analysis of duplication events revealed that tandem duplications (TD) and whole genome duplications (WGD) are major driving forces in the evolution of the TPS gene family. Notably, 18 TPS genes were found to be upregulated in high essential oil content varieties of Camphora longepaniculata. RT-qPCR validation further confirmed that TPS26, TPS28, and TPS47 exhibit upregulated expression during leaf development, highlighting their potential involvement in terpene biosynthesis during this crucial developmental stage. These findings lay a solid foundation for further exploration of the functions of TPS genes in Camphora longepaniculata.