# Beyond bias: A registered examination of the validity of using line bisection to measure non-lateralised attention

## TL;DR

This study examines whether line bisection can measure non-lateralized attention by testing how arousal affects task performance.

## Contribution

The study provides empirical evidence on the validity of endpoint weightings sum (EWS) as a measure of non-lateralized attention.

## Key findings

- Neither tonic nor phasic arousal manipulations significantly influenced EWS.
- EWS decreased significantly with time spent on task in an exploratory analysis.
- The lack of effect from alerting tones suggests EWS may not measure general attention.

## Abstract

Line bisection is a task widely used to assess lateral asymmetries of attention, in which participants are asked to mark the midpoint of a horizontal line. The directional bisection error (DBE) from the objective midpoint of the line is the traditional measure of performance. However, an alternative method of studying the bisection behaviour, the endpoint weightings method, has been proposed. This method produces two measures of performance: endpoint weightings bias (EWB) and endpoint weightings sum (EWS). While EWB measures attentional asymmetry, it has been suggested that EWS quantifies the total (non-lateralised) attention allocated to the task. If EWS provides a valid index of non-lateralised attention, then changes in tonic and phasic arousal should systematically affect EWS. In this article, we formally tested this prediction, using time on task to manipulate tonic arousal and unpredictable auditory tones, presented simultaneously with line stimuli, to manipulate phasic arousal. Our registered analyses revealed that neither of our manipulations for tonic or phasic arousal significantly influenced EWS. Therefore, the null hypotheses cannot be rejected. An exploratory analysis of all trials and conditions revealed a significant reduction in EWS with time spent on task. However, the lack of any significant effect of the alerting tone on EWS suggests that EWS may not be a valid measure of generalised attention to the task.