# Endovascular Outcomes With One-Year Follow-Up of Three Cases of Spinal Arteriovenous Malformation (sAVM) at Cervical, Dorsal, and Lumbar Levels: A Single Institution-Based Case Series of a Rare Entity

## TL;DR

This paper reports on three rare spinal arteriovenous malformation cases treated with endovascular embolization, showing successful recovery within one year.

## Contribution

The study contributes a rare case series of sAVM with distinct anatomical locations and successful endovascular treatment outcomes.

## Key findings

- Endovascular embolization successfully treated three sAVM cases at different spinal levels.
- All patients showed normal recovery within one year of follow-up.
- MRI and angiography were effective in prompt diagnosis of sAVM.

## Abstract

Spinal arteriovenous malformation (sAVM) is a rare vascular disease of the spine, presenting with symptoms of spinal cord involvement including sensory, motor, and autonomic symptoms. Early diagnosis is critical as the disease progresses to cause spinal cord compression, venous hypertension, and compression leading to spinal cord ischemia or infarction. In this case series, we present three cases treated at our institution over one year, with distinctly different anatomical sites of involvement. The three cases include two cases of type IV (perimedullary) AVMs - one at the C1-C2 level of the spinal cord and the other at the L1 level; and one case of type I (dural) AVM - at the D9-L1 level. Prompt diagnosis was made with the help of MRI and angiography. Endovascular embolization was performed for all patients, whose condition returned to normal within one year of follow-up.