# Progress in risk stratification and treatment of high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma

## TL;DR

This paper reviews progress in identifying and treating high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma patients who are at higher risk of progressing to active multiple myeloma.

## Contribution

The paper provides an updated overview of risk stratification models and treatment strategies for high-risk smoldering multiple myeloma.

## Key findings

- Combining biomarkers and new technologies improves risk prediction for smoldering multiple myeloma.
- New drugs and combination therapies can delay disease progression but do not consistently improve overall survival.
- More research is needed to determine the best treatment intensity for high-risk patients.

## Abstract

冒烟型多发性骨髓瘤（SMM）患者是一个异质性群体，不同患者预后不一，部分高危患者2年内有较高风险向多发性骨髓瘤（MM）转化。高危患者的定义在不同风险模型间一致性不高，各种生物标志物与新技术的结合改善了风险模型的预测效能，临床研究中往往组合应用不同的风险模型。治疗MM的新药逐渐被应用于高危SMM的治疗中，单药或双药治疗延长了患者的无进展生存期，但多数研究尚未显示患者的总生存获益。多药联合、强化治疗能够使高危SMM实现深度缓解，但是多为单臂研究，尚不足以证明多药治疗疗效优于较低强度治疗，仍需进一步探索高危SMM患者的治疗方案。本文对高危SMM的风险分层及治疗进展进行综述。