# Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in a child with autoimmune joint disease

## TL;DR

A 7-year-old girl with juvenile arthritis was diagnosed with a rare kidney condition after a mass was found alongside a urinary tract infection.

## Contribution

This case highlights xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis in a pediatric patient with autoimmune joint disease.

## Key findings

- Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis was confirmed in a 7-year-old with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
- The condition was associated with a concurrent Escherichia coli urinary tract infection.
- Surgical excision was performed due to concerns about possible kidney cancer.

## Abstract

Xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis is a rare condition in paediatric patients, mostly described in middle-aged female patients. We present a 7-year-old female with juvenile idiopathic arthritis, who was found to have a kidney mass with a concurrent Escherichia coli urinary tract infection. Surgical excision was done out of concern for possible malignancy. Histology confirmed the diagnosis of xanthogranulomatous pyelonephritis and persistent E. coli infection.