Trend Analysis of the Sex Ratio at Birth in Greece
Nikolaos Vlachadis, Chryssi Christodoulaki, Nikolaos Machairiotis, Konstantinos Louis, Periklis Panagopoulos

TL;DR
This study tracks changes in the male-to-female birth ratio in Greece from 1956 to 2023, finding a significant decline in recent decades.
Contribution
The study provides a comprehensive trend analysis of Greece's sex ratio at birth over a 68-year period using statistical regression methods.
Findings
The overall sex ratio at birth in Greece from 1956 to 2023 was 1,068 male births per 1,000 female births.
A statistically significant decline in the sex ratio occurred from 1982 to 2023, with an annual decrease of -0.297 male births per 1,000 female births.
The lowest sex ratio in the period was recorded in 2023 at 1,051 male births per 1,000 female births.
Abstract
Introduction: The sex ratio at birth, defined as the ratio of male to female live births, is a key indicator in the study of human reproduction and demographic patterns. This study aims to systematically examine the sex ratio in Greece and analyze its temporal trends over the period from 1956 to 2023. Materials and methods: Data on the total number of live births in Greece, categorized by sex, were obtained from the Hellenic Statistical Authority based on birth certificate records. The sex ratio for each year was calculated as the number of male births per 1,000 female births. Trend analysis was conducted using joinpoint regression and supplemented with linear regression. The annual percent change (APC) and the beta coefficient were computed, along with 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs). Results: Between 1956 and 2023, a total of 8,215,934 live births were recorded in Greece. The…
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Taxonomy
TopicsDemographic Trends and Gender Preferences · Global Maternal and Child Health · Family Dynamics and Relationships
