# Pleuropulmonary blastoma in a 3-year-old child with persistent fever: a case report

## TL;DR

This case report describes a rare aggressive lung tumor in a 3-year-old child misdiagnosed as a respiratory infection.

## Contribution

The paper highlights the diagnostic challenges of pleuropulmonary blastoma in young children with overlapping symptoms of pneumonia.

## Key findings

- PPB was misdiagnosed as severe pneumonia due to similar clinical and imaging features.
- The recommended treatment for PPB includes surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy.
- Early and accurate diagnosis is critical for improving outcomes in PPB cases.

## Abstract

Pleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) is a rare and highly aggressive malignant mesenchymal tumor, representing the most common malignant lung tumor in children. It is often misdiagnosed or underdiagnosed due to its clinical presentation, which mimics acute respiratory infections. Additionally, imaging manifestations are frequently indistinguishable from congenital respiratory malformations or severe lung infections. The tumor has high rates of recurrence and metastasis and has a poor prognosis. Currently, the internationally recommended treatment for PPB is a combination of surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. This article discusses the diagnosis and treatment of a 3-year-old girl with PPB combined with severe pneumonia.