# In vitro evaluation of human enamel remineralization after treatment with Ginger, Ashwaganda and Maca herbal dentifrices versus commercially available fluoride containing dentifrice

## TL;DR

This study compares how well herbal dentifrices made from Ginger, Ashwaganda, and Maca can remineralize tooth enamel compared to a fluoride-based dentifrice.

## Contribution

The study introduces and evaluates novel herbal dentifrices for enamel remineralization and compares them to a commercial fluoride dentifrice.

## Key findings

- Maca showed the highest Ca/P ratio, indicating strong remineralization potential.
- Ginger showed the highest surface microhardness recovery compared to Ashwaganda.
- Ashwaganda had lower remineralization ability compared to other groups.

## Abstract

Compare the remineralization efficiency of Ginger, Ashwaghanda and Maca dentifrices versus commercially fluoride containing dentifrice.

Ginger, Ashwaghanda and Maca extracts were prepared by solvent extraction methodology and were characterized using transmission electron microscope, dynamic light scattering, and inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrometer. The pH of the dentifrices was evaluated by pH meter. Eighty teeth were collected and divided into five groups according to the treatment protocol. Enamel morphology was carried out by scanning electron microscope with energy dispersive X-Ray spectroscopy for the analysis of calcium, phosphorus, Ca/P ratio and carbon. Surface microhardness was evaluated by Vickers micro-hardness tester. Data were analyzed using One-way ANOVA followed by Tukey’s post hoc test (p ≤ 0.05).

Characterization results showed the highest calcium, phosphorus and fluoride ion release were associated to Maca, Ashwaganda and Ginger respectively. The pH results revealed that Ginger dentifrice exhibited the most alkaline pH, whereas Ashwaganda dentifrice exhibited the most acidic pH. Morphological analysis revealed that Ashwaganda showed lower remineralization ability compared to the other treated groups. Maca showed significant higher Ca/P ratio compared to other groups (p < 0.001) and Ginger showed significant higher surface microhardness recovery compared to Ashwaganda (p < 0.001).

Ginger and Maca are promising remineralizing agents.