# Overexpression of plasmalemmal vesicle-associated protein-1 in patient with cyanotic nephropathy: a case report

## TL;DR

A case report shows possible overexpression of a protein linked to kidney damage in a patient with heart disease.

## Contribution

First report of PAL-E staining in cyanotic nephropathy, suggesting PV-1 overexpression.

## Key findings

- Renal biopsy showed glomerular hypertrophy and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis.
- Electron microscopy revealed extensive endothelial cell damage.
- PAL-E staining indicated possible PV-1 overexpression in the patient.

## Abstract

Cyanotic nephropathy (CN) is a known complication of cyanotic congenital heart disease (CCHD). However, many aspects of its pathophysiology remain unclear.

We report the case of a 29-year-old male with a history of tetralogy of Fallot. Renal biopsy revealed glomerular hypertrophy and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Electron microscopy revealed extensive endothelial cell damage. To investigate the etiology of endothelial cell damage, PAL-E staining was conducted, revealing staining along the glomerular capillary wall.

This is the first report of PAL-E staining in CN, suggesting potential overexpression of PV-1. The association of PV-1 expression with endothelial cell damage indicates its role in the pathogenesis of CN.