# Perceptions of the term “abstinence” among adolescents and young adults: a qualitative study on alcohol non-consumption in Switzerland

## TL;DR

This study explores how adolescents and young adults in Switzerland perceive the term 'abstinence' in relation to not drinking alcohol.

## Contribution

The study identifies that the term 'abstinence' is seen as unsuitable and stigmatizing for young non-drinkers.

## Key findings

- Participants found the terms 'abstinence,' 'abstainer,' and 'abstention' to carry negative and stigmatizing connotations.
- Young people preferred terms like 'non-drinking' or 'alcohol non-consumption' to describe their behavior.
- The term 'abstinence' was considered more appropriate for adults who have quit drinking due to alcohol-related problems.

## Abstract

As part of a broader qualitative study aimed at understanding the experiences and opinions of adolescents and young adults (AYA) who do not drink alcohol in Switzerland, participants were questioned about their perceptions of the term “abstinence” in the context of alcohol non-consumption. Twelve focus groups were conducted with 63 participants (36 females, 27 males), aged between 14 years and 20 years. Participants were grouped by gender, age (based on Swiss alcohol laws), and drinking status (non-drinker or drinker). The discussions were recorded and transcribed, and thematic content analysis was used to identify and categorize key themes. The terms “abstinence,” “abstainer,” and “abstention” were generally considered unsuitable when describing young people who do not consume alcohol regardless of the drinking status of the participants. The connotation carried by the terms was mostly perceived as religious, sexual, negative and stigmatizing. “Abstinence” was considered more appropriate for adults who have stopped drinking due to alcohol-related issues. When referring to youths, terms such as “non-drinking,” “non-drinkers” or “alcohol non-consumption” were preferred, especially to better integrate non-drinking youths and positively highlight their choices in preventive and educational initiatives.