# Self-medication practices in Ethiopia: An umbrella review protocol

## TL;DR

This paper outlines a review protocol to examine self-medication practices in Ethiopia and their implications for public health and antibiotic resistance.

## Contribution

The study introduces a systematic umbrella review protocol focused on self-medication in Ethiopia to address antimicrobial resistance.

## Key findings

- The review will include systematic studies on self-medication among adults in Ethiopia.
- It aims to provide pooled evidence to inform interventions against antimicrobial resistance.
- The protocol will use JBI appraisal tools to assess the quality of included studies.

## Abstract

Self-medication is the practice of obtaining and using drugs without proper guidance or supervision. It can involve various behaviours that may harm individuals and society. Self-medication can cause serious health and economic problems for countries and healthcare systems. Therefore, current review aimed at examining self-medication practices in Ethiopia.

This umbrella review will consider all systematic reviews that include self-medication practices of adult age greater than 18 years in Ethiopia. Study protocols, papers other than systematic reviews, papers not reporting on self-medication practices, and papers published in languages other than English will be excluded from the review. MEDLINE, Embase, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews will be searched. Two reviewers will screen the titles and abstracts against the eligibility criteria. Data extraction will be performed by 2 independent reviewers on the reviews selected for inclusion. The characteristics of studies like author name, year published, databases searched, number of studies/patients included, and self-medication practices will be extracted. The quality of included studies will be reported using the JBI critical appraisal checklist for systematic reviews and research syntheses. A summary of the extracted data will be presented in tabular format and a narrative synthesis will be performed on the collected systematic reviews that meet the inclusion criteria.

This protocol is expected to bring pooled evidence on self-medication practice among different population groups like pregnant mothers, adult population, students, and general population. Evidence from this review will be used to tackle current global problem related with anti-microbial resistance. Therefore, our review will call for government and non-government interventions in reducing current challenge of global issue related with anti-microbial resistance in resource limited country like Ethiopia.

PROSPERO CRD42023182552