# Automated Digital Image Optimisation in Intraoperative 2D and 3D Imaging Using a Mobile C‐Arm With Flat‐Panel Detector

## TL;DR

This paper evaluates automated tools for optimizing 2D and 3D intraoperative imaging, showing they reduce time and improve image quality.

## Contribution

The study introduces and evaluates two new automated tools for image optimization in intraoperative settings.

## Key findings

- Automated assistance reduced image acquisition time from 83s to 22s.
- Metal artefact reduction improved image quality, though less so for experienced users.
- Image parameter setup time was significantly reduced using the assistance tool.

## Abstract

Assistance tools for intraoperative 2D and 3D imaging to decrease acquisition effort and to improve assessment of 3D image data were evaluated.

Two automated optimisation procedures were evaluated in a cadaver (Cios Spin, Siemens, Germany): The ScrewScout function for assisted pedicle screw assessment. Then, an algorithm for metal artefact reduction (MAR).

Additionally, a tool for simplified setting of image contrast and brightness was evaluated regarding the result and elapsed time.

The time required without automated assistance was 83s [70–105]. With the computer assistance, this time was significantly lower at 22s [15–32] (p = 0.003). MAR resulted in an improvement in image impression. This improvement became smaller with increasing clinical experience. The time needed for setting of image acquisition parameters was significantly (p = 0.05) lowered from 140s [24–389] to 61s [14–166] using the assistance tool.

Automated assistance tools for image optimisation can provide practical support in the intraoperative setting.