# High-Performance Acoustic Transducers with Exfoliated NbSe2 Nanosheets and Hybrid Force Mechanisms

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a new acoustic transducer using exfoliated NbSe2 nanosheets and a hybrid force mechanism to improve sound performance across all frequencies.

## Contribution

The novel hybrid force mechanism and use of exfoliated NbSe2 nanosheets enhance acoustic transducer performance.

## Key findings

- Exfoliated NbSe2 nanosheets were successfully prepared and used as diaphragms.
- The hybrid mechanism improved SPL performance across a wide frequency range.
- N-HAT outperformed conventional electromagnetic and electrostatic transducers.

## Abstract

The transition metal dichalcogenide (TMDC) NbSe2 is a highly conductive and superconducting material with great potential for next-generation electronic and optoelectronic devices. However, its bulk form suffers from reduced charge density and conductivity due to interlayer van der Waals interactions. To address this, we exfoliated NbSe₂ into nanosheets using lithium-ion intercalation and utilized them as diaphragms in acoustic transducers. Conventional electromagnetic and electrostatic mechanisms have limitations in sound pressure level (SPL) performance at high and low frequencies, respectively. To overcome this, we developed a hybrid force mechanism combining the strengths of both approaches. The NbSe₂ nanosheets were successfully prepared and analyzed, and the NbSe2-based hybrid acoustic transducer (N-HAT) demonstrated significantly improved SPL performance across a wide frequency range. This study offers a novel approach for designing high-performance acoustic devices by harnessing the unique properties of NbSe2.