# Deterministic Quantum Dense Coding Based on Non-Maximal Entangled Channel

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a new method for quantum communication that improves efficiency by using non-maximally entangled states without requiring retransmissions.

## Contribution

The paper proposes a deterministic quantum dense coding scheme using non-maximally entangled states, eliminating the need for retransmissions.

## Key findings

- The proposed deterministic scheme avoids the inefficiencies of probabilistic methods.
- Non-maximally entangled states can be used effectively without feedback for retransmission.
- The method enhances communication efficiency in quantum dense coding.

## Abstract

In quantum communication, the concept of dense coding traditionally relies on maximally entangled states as quantum channels. Recent advancements have expanded this framework to include non-maximally entangled states within the probabilistic dense coding paradigm. However, such schemes introduce a significant limitation: the receiver cannot always retrieve the complete dense coding information sent by the sender. Consequently, the receiver must inform the sender of the amount of information successfully received. Based on this feedback, the sender determines whether retransmission is necessary, leading to inefficient use of the quantum channel and reduced communication efficiency. To address these shortcomings, we propose an alternative deterministic quantum dense coding scheme that utilizes non-maximally entangled states as the quantum channel. This deterministic approach eliminates the need for retransmissions and significantly enhances communication efficiency while maintaining compatibility with non-maximally entangled states. Our scheme represents a substantial improvement over existing probabilistic methods and paves the way for more efficient quantum communication protocols.