# High-Precision Field- Effect Transistor Biosensor for Analyzing Differential Effects of Anti-Cancer Drugs on Cancerous and Non-Cancerous Cells

## TL;DR

A new biosensor detects how anti-cancer drugs affect cancer and normal cells differently, helping improve drug screening and cancer treatment.

## Contribution

A high-precision biosensor is introduced to quantify drug effects and entry rates in cancerous and non-cancerous cells.

## Key findings

- Anti-cancer drugs have a stronger effect on tumor cells compared to normal cells.
- The biosensor can detect drug-induced current changes and entry rates with high sensitivity.
- Camptothecin and doxorubicin show different interaction speeds in normal and tumor cells.

## Abstract

A high-precision biosensor technique is introduced, offering the capability to independently evaluate the effects of anti-cancer drugs on both cancerous (RAJI) and non-cancerous (WIL2S) cells. By analyzing and fitting current change curves and transfer characteristic curves under two drugs, camptothecin and doxorubicin, this technique quantifies both the magnitude of drug-induced current changes in cells and the rate of drug entry into cells. Flow cytometry was utilized to validate the entry rates of two drugs, camptothecin and doxorubicin, into the cells. The biosensor leverages the exceptional sensitivity of two-dimensional electron gas to detect proximal charge variations at ultralow concentrations, even in fluids with high ionic strength. The findings reveal that anti-cancer drugs have a more pronounced impact on tumor cells, with the effects and interaction speeds differing across normal cells and tumor cells. This innovative approach not only enhances our understanding of the specificity and action mechanisms of anti-cancer drugs but also provides a valuable tool for screening potential tumor anti-cancer drugs and advancing targeted cancer therapies.