# Biomechanical comparison of various bone reduction forceps in interfragmentary compression and area of compression in an experimental model of canine lateral humeral condylar fractures

## TL;DR

This study compares different bone forceps for their effectiveness in compressing simulated canine humeral fractures.

## Contribution

The study empirically evaluates and compares the biomechanical performance of various bone reduction forceps in a canine fracture model.

## Key findings

- Patellar forceps generated the highest interfragmentary compression followed by Vulsellum forceps.
- Patellar and Vulsellum forceps showed significantly higher compression than Kyon FineTouch and point-to-point forceps.
- No significant differences were found in the area of compression across all forceps types.

## Abstract

To compare contact area and interfragmentary compression generated by Vulsellum forceps, Patellar forceps, Kyon FineTouch forceps, point-to-point forceps with soft-locking mechanism, and point-to-point forceps with speed-locking mechanism in simulated lateral humeral condylar fractures in canine cadavers.

Ex-vivo biomechanical study.

Seven cadaveric canine humeri with simulated lateral humeral condylar fractures were used in this study. A stress-sensitive film was placed at the fracture gap and five different bone reduction forceps were used to reduce the fractures to their maximum pressure before failure occurred. The compression and interfragmentary compression area were recorded during the entire compression interval and compared after the pressure had reached a plateau.

Patellar forceps generated the highest interfragmentary compression, followed by Vulsellum forceps. Compression generated by both the Patellar and Vulsellum forceps were significantly higher than point-to-point forceps with soft-lock, point-to-point forceps with speed lock, and Kyon forceps (P = 0.0008, 0.0084). No statistically significant difference was observed in the areas of compression among all forceps types.

Patellar and Vulsellum forceps generate a greater interfragmentary compression compared to Kyon FineTouch forceps and point-to-point forceps with both speed and soft-locking mechanisms in this experimental lateral condylar fracture model.