# Prevalence of and Factors Associated With Incidental Chronic Kidney Disease in Patients Newly Diagnosed With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

## TL;DR

This study found that about one-third of people newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes also have chronic kidney disease, with age and blood sugar levels being key factors.

## Contribution

The study reports the prevalence of incidental chronic kidney disease in newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes patients and identifies associated risk factors.

## Key findings

- 33.7% of newly diagnosed T2D patients had chronic kidney disease.
- Higher age and HbA1c levels were significantly associated with CKD.
- Early CKD screening is recommended for T2D patients to improve management.

## Abstract

Objective: The objective of this study was to detect the prevalence of incidental chronic kidney disease (CKD) in patients newly diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Method: This was a cross-sectional study conducted from July 2023 to November 2024, at Faiha Specialized Diabetes, Endocrine, and Metabolism Center and Al-Rafidain Specialized Center in Basrah, southern Iraq. A total of 202 newly diagnosed drug-naïve T2D patients were included. The baseline clinical and biochemical characteristics for the patients at inclusion. CKD was diagnosed by measuring the estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) and urine albumin creatinine ratio (UACR).

Results: The mean age of patients included in the study was 49.1±12 years. CKD was diagnosed in 68 (33.7%) patients based on GFR <60 mL/minute/1.73 m2 and/or UACR ≥ 30 mg/g. The CKD categories G1, 2, G3a, and 3b were prevalent in 71.3%, 24.2%, 3.0%, and 1.5%, respectively. For albuminuria, 31.2% had UACR 10-30 mg/g, 22.8% had UACR 30-300 mg/g, and 7.9% had UACR higher than 300 mg/g. A stepwise binary regression analysis showed that higher patients’ age and HbA1c levels were the factors that were significantly associated with CKD.

Conclusion: incidental CKD is prevalent in one-third of the newly diagnosed T2D. Early screening for CKD is highly recommended as it will affect overall management.