# Curved geometric-phase optical element fabrication using top-down alignment

## TL;DR

This paper introduces a new method to create curved optical elements that are thin, efficient, and scalable for use in advanced display systems.

## Contribution

A novel fabrication method for geometric-phase optical elements using top-down alignment and nano gratings is introduced.

## Key findings

- The fabricated GPOE is thin, compatible with curved surfaces, and suitable for mass production.
- A multi-focal GPOE was successfully created and tested for optical performance.
- The method addresses limitations like scattering and low efficiency in current optical devices.

## Abstract

Advanced optical technologies, such as next-generation displays and holographic systems, demand high efficiency, lightweight designs, compact dimensions, and compatibility with curved and thin substrates. However, current optical devices for virtual and augmented reality displays, such as surface relief and holographic gratings, face challenges like light scattering, low optical efficiency, and limited scalability. Here, we present a geometric phase optical element (GPOE) fabricated using geometric-phase modulation. A pixelated nano grating system was employed, and reactive mesogens were aligned and transferred via a top-down imprinting process. The resulting GPOE exhibits a thin profile, compatibility with curved surfaces, and scalability for mass production. Integrating additional optical components, we realized a multi-focal GPOE and validated its optical performance. This innovation highlights the potential of GPOEs as compact, next-generation optical components for advanced curved-surface systems.