# Does the Consumption of Metformin Correlate With a Reduction in Mortality Among Patients With Type 2 Diabetes and COVID-19 in Morocco?

## TL;DR

This study found that metformin use in type 2 diabetes patients with COVID-19 was linked to lower mortality rates in Morocco.

## Contribution

The study provides evidence that metformin may reduce mortality in T2DM patients with COVID-19.

## Key findings

- Metformin users had a 21.1% mortality rate, compared to 78.9% in non-users.
- Multivariate analysis showed metformin use was a protective factor (OR=0.34).
- Age and glycemia were also significantly associated with mortality.

## Abstract

Objectives: To assess whether metformin therapy for type 2 diabetes (T2DM) was associated with a reduced mortality rate in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 compared to other antihyperglycemic drugs.

Methods: This retrospective study included patients with T2DM who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 between 1 August 2020 and 1 August 2021. The patients were required to be aged over 18 years old and to be undergoing treatment for hyperglycemia, whether with metformin, other oral antidiabetic drugs, or insulin. A data exploitation sheet was completed for each patient. The Jamovi (https://www.jamovi.org/) software was applied to conduct the statistical analyses. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine whether metformin use was associated with reduced mortality among patients with T2DM and COVID-19.

Results: We identified 115 COVID-19 patients with T2DM, of whom 41 were on metformin, 35 patients were on insulin, and 39 patients were on other oral antihyperglycemic agents; the average age of patients was 65.5±13.2 years, and 52.2% were male. The mortality rate was lower in the metformin user group (21.1%) compared to the non-user group (78.9%). The multivariate logistic regression model indicated that age (OR=1.06; 95% CI (1.02-1.10); p=0.002) and glycemia (OR=1.49; 95% CI (1.05-2.11); p=0.024) were significantly associated with mortality in patients with T2DM and COVID-19. Whereas, the use of metformin was identified as a protective factor (OR=0.34 95% CI (0.12-0.95); p=0.041).

Conclusion: This study highlighted that metformin seems to be associated with significantly decreased mortality in adults with T2DM and COVID-19.