A154 TEMPORAL TRENDS OF DEPRESSION HOSPITALIZATION AND SUICIDE DEATH IN THOSE WITH INFLAMMATORY BOWEL DISEASE

TL;DR

This study examines how depression hospitalizations and suicide deaths have changed over time in people with inflammatory bowel disease compared to controls in Alberta.

Contribution

The study provides new insights into temporal trends of severe depression outcomes in individuals with inflammatory bowel disease.

Findings

Depression hospitalization rates in IBD patients decreased significantly from 4.42 to 2.08 per 1,000 from 2002/03 to 2021/22.

Suicide deaths remained stable at 0.23% of the prevalent IBD population over the study period.

Hospitalization rates decreased across most age and sex groups, except for pediatric cases.

Abstract

Individuals with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) are known to be more susceptible to mental health disorders such as depression. However, literature examining severe outcomes of depression in IBD, including hospitalizations due to depression and death by suicide, is limited.

To describe trends in depression hospitalizations and suicide deaths in individuals with IBD living in Alberta compared to matched controls.

This population-based study used a validated algorithm in administrative data to identify the prevalent IBD population and 10 to 1 age- and sex-matched controls in Alberta from fiscal year 2002/03 to 2021/22. The primary outcomes were hospitalization for depression and suicide death. Annual prevalence rates of depression hospitalization were calculated per 1,000 persons. Average annual percent change (AAPC) with 95% confidence intervals (CI) were calculated from Poisson or negative binomial models. Rates and AAPCs for depression hospitalization in IBD cases were stratified by age (<18, 18–40, 41–64, and ≥65), sex (male or female), and IBD type (Crohn’s disease or ulcerative colitis and inflammatory bowel disease unclassified [IBD-U]). Suicide deaths were reported as a proportion of the prevalent IBD population and as an AAPC (95% CI) calculated from a log-binomial model.

Table 1 describes depression hospitalizations in the prevalent IBD population (n=42,903). Hospitalization rates for depression in those with IBD decreased with an AAPC of −4.25% (95% CI: −5.51, −2.96) from 4.42 per 1,000 in 2002/23 to 2.08 per 1,000 in 2021/22, while hospitalization rates for depression in controls decreased with an APPC of −2.37% (95% CI: −2.90, −1.94) (Table 1, Figure 1). Hospitalization rates for depression in those with IBD decreased for all stratifications except pediatric cases (AAPC: 2.03%; 95% CI: −5.99, 10.72) (Table 1). Suicide deaths occured in 0.23% (n=99) of the prevalent IBD population and remained stable over time (AAPC: −0.09%; 95% CI: −3.82, 3.79).

Despite the decreasing hospitalization rates for depression in individuals with IBD, suicide deaths have remained stable at 0.23%.

AAPCs and rates of depression hospitalization in those with IBD, stratified by age, sex, and IBD type

*denotes statistical significance

Temporal trends in depression hospitalization in IBD cases and matched controls

CIHR

Figures