# A Rare Case of Ketosis-Prone Type 2 Diabetes With a Unique Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) Profile: Genetic and Metabolic Insights

## TL;DR

A rare case of ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes is described, revealing unique genetic and metabolic factors that may influence its progression.

## Contribution

The study identifies a unique HLA profile in a patient with ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes, linking immune factors typically seen in type 1 diabetes to this condition.

## Key findings

- The patient had HLA haplotypes DRB1*15:01 and DRB1*09:01, commonly associated with type 1 diabetes.
- The patient showed rapid insulin recovery and prolonged ketone clearance, highlighting metabolic complexity.
- The case supports the view of ketosis-prone diabetes as a distinct subtype requiring personalized management.

## Abstract

This report describes the case of a 21-year-old man with ketosis-prone type 2 diabetes (KPD), highlighting the genetic and metabolic factors influencing disease progression. The patient presented with diabetic ketoacidosis and demonstrated rapid insulin secretory recovery, allowing early discontinuation of insulin. Genetic analysis revealed human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1*15:01 and DRB1*09:01 haplotypes, suggesting a role of immune factors typically associated with type 1 diabetes in the pathogenesis of KPD. Metabolic factors, evidenced by prolonged ketone clearance, further underscore the complexity of KPD. These findings contribute to a growing understanding of KPD as a unique subtype of diabetes, reinforcing the importance of personalized, genetically informed management approaches for optimal care.