# Administration of Nitrous Oxide by Medical Assistants for Painful Procedures in Outpatient Pediatric Settings

## TL;DR

This study shows that medical assistants can safely and effectively use nitrous oxide to help manage pain and anxiety in children during outpatient procedures.

## Contribution

The study demonstrates the safe and effective use of nitrous oxide administered by medical assistants in pediatric outpatient settings.

## Key findings

- Nitrous oxide was administered to 324 children without any respiratory or cardiovascular issues.
- Most children were calm and relaxed during procedures using nitrous oxide.
- High satisfaction was reported from patients, parents, and health professionals.

## Abstract

Background: Managing pain and distress in children experiencing procedural pain is a priority in pediatric care. Nitrous oxide (pre-mixed formulation of 50% nitrous oxide to 50% oxygen) is widely used to alleviate anxiety or pain during care procedures in various medical domains. This pharmacological intervention is safe to administer to children. Administration by non-anesthesiologist personnel is widespread throughout the world, though it is almost exclusively performed by doctors and nurses. The purpose of this study is to describe the experience of nitrous oxide (N2O) use by medical assistants and safe handling during the performance of painful procedures. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in a pediatric outpatient unit of a regional hospital, including medical and surgical consultations. Results: Nitrous oxide was administered by medical assistants to 324 children aged 3 to 19 years. No respiratory and/or cardiovascular problems were noted. Most patients were calm and relaxed. Discussion: The use of N2O for minor procedures in children in a pediatric outpatient unit improved pain management through administration by medical assistants with a high level of satisfaction from patients, parents and health professionals. Conclusions: This study suggests that the use of nitrous oxide by trained medical assistants can be safe, feasible and effective within the specific context of this study.