Advances in Thromboprophylaxis for High-Risk Pregnancies: A Comprehensive Review of Current Strategies and Emerging Approaches

TL;DR

This review discusses current and new strategies to prevent blood clots in high-risk pregnancies, aiming to improve maternal and fetal health outcomes.

Contribution

The paper integrates current evidence with emerging trends to optimize thromboprophylaxis in high-risk pregnancies.

Findings

Pharmacologic interventions like LMWHs and UFH are key in current thromboprophylaxis strategies.

Personalized medicine and novel anticoagulants show promise as emerging approaches.

Technology-enabled monitoring solutions may enhance the effectiveness of thromboprophylaxis.

Abstract

Thrombosis during pregnancy poses a significant clinical challenge due to its potential for severe maternal and fetal complications. The incidence of thromboembolic events in pregnant women is heightened by pregnancy-associated hypercoagulability, venous stasis, and endothelial changes, all of which contribute to an elevated risk. Effective thromboprophylaxis is essential to mitigate these risks and improve outcomes for both mother and child. This review provides a comprehensive evaluation of current thromboprophylaxis strategies, including pharmacologic interventions such as low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWHs) and unfractionated heparin (UFH) and nonpharmacologic measures like compression stockings and lifestyle modifications. Additionally, the review explores emerging approaches, including personalized medicine strategies, novel anticoagulants, and technology-enabled monitoring solutions. By integrating current evidence with emerging trends, this review aims to offer insights into optimizing thromboprophylaxis in high-risk pregnancies, ultimately contributing to improved clinical outcomes and guiding future research directions in this critical area of maternal healthcare.

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