# Comparative Evaluation of Hearing and Salivary Flow Rate in Smokers and Non-smokers: A Cross-Sectional Study

## TL;DR

This study finds that smokers are more likely to experience hearing loss and lower salivary flow rates compared to non-smokers.

## Contribution

The study provides empirical evidence linking smoking to hearing loss and reduced salivary flow rate in a cross-sectional design.

## Key findings

- Smokers had a 40% prevalence of hearing loss compared to 10% in non-smokers.
- Salivary flow rate was significantly lower in smokers (0.5540 ml/min) than in non-smokers (0.9240 ml/min).
- No significant correlation was found between smoking duration/frequency and hearing loss or salivary flow rate.

## Abstract

Background

Smoking is a major global health issue that is linked to various health conditions, including hearing loss and reduced salivary flow. This study aims to explore the relationship between smoking, hearing loss, and salivary flow rate.

Methods

This cross-sectional study was conducted over two months at a tertiary healthcare institute in Central India, involving 100 participants (50 smokers and 50 non-smokers) aged 18-55 years. Hearing status was assessed using audiometry, and the salivary flow rate was measured. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS version 21 (IBM Corp., Armonk, NY, US).

Results

Smokers had a significantly higher prevalence of hearing loss (40%) compared to non-smokers (10%). The salivary flow rate was significantly lower in smokers (mean 0.5540 ml/min) than in non-smokers (mean 0.9240 ml/min). However, no significant correlation was found between the duration and frequency of smoking with hearing loss or salivary flow rate.

Conclusion

Smoking significantly impacts both hearing and salivary flow rate, hence smokers show a higher risk of hearing loss and reduced salivary flow rate. Early hearing screenings and preventive measures are recommended for smokers. Further research with larger sample sizes is needed to explore the long-term effects of smoking on these health parameters.